Conflict Resolution and Conflict Transformation

Abstract

In academic circles studying conflicts, the term "conflict resolution" has been the primary term for many years, used by both scholars and politicians. However, the term "transformation" evokes mixed reactions. For some, it seems overly loaded; for others, it appears excessively idealistic or even fantastical, suggesting a completely new era. Authors who advocate for the term "transformation" view it as a precise, scientifically justifiable, and clearly articulated vision of relevant processes. Transformation represents an effort towards constructive change, which encompasses and goes beyond merely solving specific problems. It is grounded in two verifiable realities: conflict is a normal part of human relationships, and it serves as a force for change and progress. If someone unfamiliar with conflict-related issues were to ask, "What is conflict?" we could explain it using a concept akin to conflict topography, akin to a topographic map depicting the peaks and valleys of our conflicts. The peaks represent the significant challenges we face in conflicts, often focusing on the most immediate issues. We define these peaks as the most pressing concerns in the conflict's content. In contrast, the valleys symbolize failures, the inability to negotiate satisfactory solutions, and the overarching landscape—a general representation of our relationship patterns, which can sometimes seem vague and distant. Just as it is difficult to grasp the entire mountain range when ascending a specific peak, this map illustrates our tendency to approach conflicts. We invest energy in addressing existing problems to alleviate the pain and anxiety associated with conflicts, often overlooking the broader context of the conflict. Our objective is to demonstrate how the transformative approach addresses these tendencies and how it differs from the traditional perspective of conflict resolution.